The life cycle of the beetles begins when the eggs are laid into the pores and cracks of wood and wooden articles. They hatch, releasing tiny larvae that bore into the wood through the bottom of the egg. The larvae live there for years, feeding on the wood and creating a network of intricate internal tunnels throughout the timber.

Unlike termites, which attack timber for cellulose, Powder Post Beetles attack timber for its high starch content. The powder (frass) found in the tunnels is nothing but the excreta of these beetles and undigested cellulose of the wood.

The adults emerge by making tiny pin-head sized holes, commonly known as shot holes or flight holes. The adults live for about 8–10 weeks.

Usually, pairing takes place immediately after the emergence of adults, and eggs are laid. The entire cycle takes anywhere from 6 months up to a year, or even up to 5 years, depending upon the species and environmental factors.

New infestation occurs when adults migrate and settle in new places. The peculiarity of this pest is that their infestation remains hidden for a long time without giving any indication of its presence in wooden articles. It is usually noticed after at least one generation completes, when adults start emerging through shot holes and powder starts falling from them.